*Chaand Aur Sooraj Grihan Se Mutalliq Kuch Baaten*

*Muhammad Najeeb Qasmi*

Sooraj ya chaand grihan kyun hota hai? Iske mukhtalif asbaab zikr kiye jaate hain. Science ke aitebaar se kaha jaata hai ke zameen ke gird chaand gardish karta hai aur chaand zameen ki tarah tareek hai, woh sooraj se roshni haasil karta hai, jab woh sooraj ke gird gardish karte huwe sooraj aur zameen ke darmiyan aa jaata hai to sooraj ki roshni zameen par pohonchne se ruk jaati hai jis se sooraj grihan waaqe’ hota hai, aur jab zameen darmiyaan mein aa jaati hai aur woh chaand par roshni nahi padne deti to chaand grihan waaqe’ hota hai.

Zamaana-e-jaahiliyat mein samjha jaata tha ke kisi shakhs ki maut ya kisi bade haadse par sooraj ya chaand ko grihan lagta hai. Barr-e-sagheer mein logon ka khayaal hai ke iss mauqe par haamil auraten churi wagera ka istemaal na kare kyunke sooraj ya chaand ke grihan hone ki wajah se unke pet mein maujud bachche ka hont wagera kat jaata hai, haalaanke haqeeqat se is ka koi bhi talluq nahi hai, na shara’ee aitebaar se aur na hi science ke aitebaar se, yeh sirf logon ka waham-o-gumaan hai aur jaahilaana baat hai.

Hamaara yeh imaan-o-aqeeda hai ke shariat-e-islaamiya mein zindagi guzaarne ka mukammal tareeqa bayan kiya gaya hai. Agar waqaee is mauqe par haamila aurat ke liye churi wagera ka istemaal karna nuqsaan dah hota to poori kaainaat ke nabi Hazrat Muhammad-e-Mustafa Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam Allah ke hukm se iske mutalliq ahkaam zaroor bayaan farmaate. Ek martaba Aap ki hayaat-e-mubaraka mein jab sooraj grihan huwa, usi din Aap Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ke saahabzaade Hazrat Ibrahim Razi Allah Anhu ki wafaat huwi aur ba’az log yeh kehne lage the ke grihan unki maut ki wajah se huwa hai, to Aap ne is ki tardeed karke bayaan kiya ke sooraj aur chaand Allah Ta’ala ki nishaaniyon mein se do nishaaniyaan hain. Kisi ki maut ki wajah se yeh grihan nahi hota. Nabi-e-Akram Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne iss mauqe par lambi namaz padhi. Nabi-e-Akram Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ki ta’aleemaat ke mutaabiq aaj tak poori ummat-e-muslima ka yahi mamool hai ke iss mauqe par namaaz padhi jaye, Allah ka zikar kiya jaye aur dua ki jaaye.

Dunya mein aisa azeem-ush-shaan nizaam hai ke waqt par sooraj ka tuloo’ hona, guroob hona, chaand aur croron sitaaron ka khalaa mein maujud hona, hawaaon ka chalna, sooraj aur chaand se roshni ka milna, zameen ke andar be shumaar khazaane aur zameen mein bade bade paholadon ka maujud hona, baadalon se baarish ka hona, zameen mein pedaawaari ki salaahiyat ka hona, phalon mein tarah tarah ke zaaiqe ka paida hona, paani aur aag ka maujud hona, isi tarah charindon, darindon aur parindon ki be shumaar makhlooqaat ka maujud hona, sab is baat ki waazeh daleel hai ke unko paida karne waali koi na koi zaat hai, warna yeh saara nizaam kaise aur kyun qaim hogaya?

Aaj hum ek chota sa kaam bhi karte hain to uska koi na koi maqsad hota hai, nez uske liye bohat kuch karna hota hai aur phir woh ek na ek din khatam bhi hojaata hai. Badi badi hukoomaton ke chaudhry ek gaz zameen mein dafan kardiye gaye. Mazboot qile khandaraat mein tabdeel hogaye, aur haweliyaan weeraan hogaeen. Yaqeenan woh Allah Ta’ala ki hi zaat hai jo na sirf ins-o-jinn ka khaaliq hai balke poori kaainaat ka paida karne wala hai aur sirf woh hi iss poori kaainaat ke nizaam ko chalaane waala hai. Hum sab uske bande hain.

Dunya ki be shumaar cheezen na samajhne ke bawajood hum tasleem kar lete hain. Isi tarah baat samajh mein aaye ya nahi hamara yeh imaan-o-aqeedah hai ke itni badi kaainaat khud ba khud nahi ban sakti aur itna bada nizaam khud ba khud qaaem nahi reh sakta. Sooraj-o-chand ka kaisa ajeeb-o-gareeb nizaam hai ke hazaaron saal guzarne ke bawajood ek second ka bhi farq nahi aaya. Jis tarah waqti taur par Allah ke hukm se sooraj ya chaand ko grihan lagta hai, ek din aisa zaroor aayega ke yeh sooraj Allah ke hukm se mashriq ke bajaye maghrib se tuloo hoga jaisa ke aaj ke science daano ne bhi is ke imkaan ko tasleem karliya hai, haalaanke shariat-e-islaamiya ne 1400 saal qabl hi is ko bata diya tha. Iske ba’ad aahista aahista poori duniya khatam hojayegi aur phir duniya ke wujood se le kar tamam insaanon ko un ke kiye huwe aa’maal par jaza ya saza di jaayegi. Garz yeh ke sooraj ya chaand ke grihan lagne mein kisi makhlooq ka na dakhal hai aur na hi poori kaainaat mil kar sooraj ya chaand ke grihan ko rok sakti hain. Isliye sooraj ya chaand ke grihan ke waqt sirf Allah Ta’ala ki hi panaah maangi jaaye, usi ke saamne jhuka jaaye aur usi ke dar par jaakar peshaani teki jaye kyunke wo hi iss kaainaat ka Khaaliq bhi hai aur Maalik-o-Razzaq bhi.

Nabi-e-Akram Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam sooraj girhan lagne par masjid mein daakhil ho kar namaaz mein masroof hue the,

is liye agar aise mauqe par baahar nikalne se bacha jaaye aur barah-e-raast sooraj ko na dekha jaaye to yeh amal aehtiyaat par mabni hoga, kyunke scienci aitebaar se bhi is no’iyat ki aehtiyaat matloob hai, lekin ghabraane ki zaroorat nahi hai kyun ke hamara to imaan hai ke jo takleef ya aasani Allah Ta’ala ki jaanib se muqaddar mein hai woh mil kar hi rahegi, agarche takleef se bachne aur aasani ke husool ke liye tadabeer-o-asbaab zaroor ikhtiyaar karne chaahiye.

Lihaaza, jab bhi sooraj grihan ho jaaye, to musalmanon ko chaahiye ke Khaaliq-e-Kaainaat ki taraf mutawajja hon, do rakat namaz azaan-o-iqaamat ke bagair ba jamat ada kare aur Allah Ta’ala se khoob duaaen mangen. Ba’az ulamaa ki raye hai ke do rak-at se zyaada bhi adaa kar sakte hain. Qirat aahista padhni chaahiye, agarcha baaz ulama ki raaye mein buland aawaz ke saath bhi padh satke hain. Chaand grihan ke mouqe par infiradi namaz padhni chahiye, agarche ba’az ulama ki raaye ke mutabiq jamaat ke sath bhi padhne ki gunjaish hai. Un auqaat mein yeh namaz nahi padhni chahiye jin auqaat mein namaz padhna mana hai, agarche baaz ulama ki raaye hai ke auqaat-e-makrooha mein bhi padh satke hain. Sooraj grihan (solar eclipse) ke mauqe par padhi jane wali namaaz ko Salaat-Ul-Kusoof, jab ke chaand grihan (lunar eclipse) ke mauqe par padhi jane wali namaz ko Salaat-Ul-Khusoof kehte hain. Iss namaz mai qirat, ruku aur sajda wagera ko itna lamba karna chaahiye ke namaaz padhte padhte hi grihan khatam hojaye, kyun ke Nabi-e-Akram Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam se isi tarah saabit hai. Jis tarah se do rak’at namaaz padhi jati hai, usi tareeqe se yeh namaaz padhi jaayegi, agarche ba’az ulama ka muwaqqif hai ke har rakat mein do ruku kiye jaaen.

*Khulaasa-e-Kalaam : * Ulama-e-Ahnaaf ki raye hai ke is mauqe par do raka’at aam namaz ki tarah padhi jaye aur sooraj grihan ke mauqe par jamaat ke sath lekin aahista qirat se, jab ke chaand grihan ke mauqe par infiradi namaaz ada ki jaaye. Haan! Agar kisi jagah masalan Saudi Arab mein jamaat ke saath ada ho rahi ho to usmein shareek ho sakte hain. In dono namaazon mein lambe qayam-o-ruku aur sajde kiye jaye. Allah Ta’ala ka zikr bhi kiya jaye aur khoob duaaen maangi jaaye.

Hazrat Abu Bakr Razi Allahu Anhu se riwaayat hai ke Rasoolullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ke zamaane mein sooraj grihan hua. Aap Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam apni chaadar ghaseet’te huwe (taizi se) masjid pohonche. Sahaba-e-Kiraam Razi Allahu Anhum Aap ke paas jama hogaye. Aap ne unhein do rakat namaz padhaayi aur grihan bhi khatam hogaya. Uske baad Aap Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne irshaad farmaaya : Sooraj aur chaand Allah Ta’ala ki nishaaniyon mein se do nishaaniyaan hain. Kisi ki mout ki wajah se yeh grihan nahi hote (balke zameen aur aasman ki doosri makhloqaat ki tarah un par bhi Allah Ta’ala ka hukm chalta hai aur un ki roshni-o-tareeki Allah Ta’ala ke haath mein hai) Isliye jab sooraj aur chaand girhan ho to uss waqt tak namaaz aur dua mein mashgool raho jab tak un ka grihan khatam na hojaaye. Chunke Rasoolullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ke sahab zaade Hazrat Ibrahim Razi Allahu Anhu ki wafaat (usi din) huwi thi aur ba’az log yeh kehne lage the ke grihan unki mout ki wajah se huwa hai, is liye Rasoolullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne yeh baat irshad farmaayi. [Bukhaari]

Hazrat Aisha Razi Allahu Anha se riwaayat hai ke Rasoolullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ke zamaane mein sooraj grihan hua. Namaz se farigh hokar Aap Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne farmaya : Sooraj aur chaand Allah Ta’ala ki do nishaniyaan hain. Yeh dono kisi ke marne ya peda hone se grihan nahi hote. Aye Logo! Jab tum ko yeh mouqa pesh aaye to Allah ke zikr mein mashgool hojao, dua maango, takbeer-o-tehleel karo, namaaz padho aur sadqa-o-khairat ada karo. [Muslim, Baab Salat-Ul-Kusoof]

Hazrat Noman Bin Basheer Razi Allah Anhu se riwaayat hai ke Nabi-e-Akram Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne farmaaya jab sooraj ya chaand grihan hojaye, to isi kefiyat par namaaz padho jis tarah tum ne yeh aakhri namaz padhi hai (Namaaz-e-Fajr ki tarah) [Nasaayi, Baab Salaat-Ul-Kusoof]

Hazrat Qabeesa Razi Allahu Anhu farmaate hain ke ham Rasoolullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ke hamrah Madinah Munawwara mein the ke sooraj grihan hogaya. Aap ghabra kar jaldi se bahar nikle apne kapde ko khinchte huwe aur do rakat khoob lambi padhi. [Nasaayi, Baab Salaat-Ul-Kusoof]